Cannabinoids are a group of chemical compounds naturally produced by hemp plants. Research shows that hemp plants produce between 80-100 cannabinoids, two of which have become incredibly popular for offering numerous therapeutic benefits.
This article answers the frequently asked question, ‘what are cannabinoids?’ We will also dive into what cannabinoids do and their science-backed benefits.
What Are the Main Cannabinoids?
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-9 THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), are the most popular cannabinoids in HEMP plants. THC is the primary psychoactive cannabinoid that produces a euphoric high when you smoke, ingest, or vape hemp. On the other hand, CBD is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid whose popularity has skyrocketed in the wellness industry as the new medical elixir.
Researchers have identified other cannabinoids that potentially contribute to the positive effects of HEMP plants. Here are some minor cannabinoids that influence your overall hemp experience:
- THCa
- THCjd
- THCh
- HHC
- THCb
- and others
How Do Cannabinoids Work?
Cannabinoids produce their effects by interacting with your body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS is a biological cell-signaling system that consists of endocannabinoids, cannabinoid receptors (CB1 & CB2), and enzymes.
Endocannabinoids bind to the cannabinoid receptors that are spread throughout the body. This interaction signals that the ECS needs to take action, such as regulating your appetite, mood, sleep, temperature, pain perception, metabolism, and immune function.
Cannabinoids are similar to endocannabinoids, only that they are produced by the hemp plant.
This explains why THC and CBD are able to interact with the ECS. For instance, when you ingest THC, it binds to the CB1 and CB2 receptors (like endocannabinoids), producing beneficial effects on the mind and body. However, this interaction can also cause undesirable effects such as paranoia and anxiety.
What Are the Effects of Cannabinoids?
Hemp has a long history of use for therapeutic purposes in ancient times. In fact, surviving texts from ancient history show that the psychoactive properties of hemp were used in ayurvedic medicine. However, only a few cannabinoids have been studied rigorously, with preliminary evidence showing they can offer beneficial effects.
For instance, CBD provides calming and relaxing effects, while THC has been found to improve mood and sleep quality. It’s important to note that the effects of cannabinoids typically vary from one person to another based on factors such as age, weight, metabolism, and health status.
Cannabinoids have also been linked to potential side effects such as:
- Impaired memory
- Increased heart rate
- Dry mouth
- Dry eyes
- Loss of motor control
Final Thoughts on What Are Cannabinoids?
Cannabinoids are chemical compounds naturally produced by hemp. Though there are over 80 known cannabinoids, the most popular cannabinoids today are delta-9 THC and CBD. These compounds produce a wide range of effects on the body and mind by interacting with the receptors in your body’s ECS.
Preliminary evidence shows that cannabinoids can offer numerous benefits when consumed in the correct dosage. However, high doses have been linked to side effects such as anxiety. Hence, it’s important to start low and gradually work your way up until you find the ideal amount for your needs.